Effects of Chinese traditional medicine-selected recipe Q0409 on ability of learning and memory in SAM-P/8 mice / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To investigate the effects of Chinese traditional medicine-selected recipe Q0409 on the ability of learning and memory in SAM-P/8 mice. METHODS:Total 91 mice (4-month-old SAM-P/8 mice, SAM-R/1 mice and Kunming mice) were used in the study, in which the male and female animals were labeled separately. According to the performance of Morris water maze test, the mice were divided into 5 groups randomly. The mice were fed with different drugs or distilled water for 60 d (from 4 months to 6 months). The mice were fed with the drugs from 61 d to 65 d, and 1 h later each time, the Morris water maze test was carried out. After this Morris test were finished at 65 d, the mice were killed immediately and their hippocampal tissues were isolated. Half of the hippocampal tissues were added with precooled normal saline and made into 10% (g/mL) homogenate for detecting the protein content and acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) activity. The other half was fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde and embedded with paraffin for immunohistochemical staining of amyloid β-protein (Aβ). RESULTS:Compared with model group, the results of navigation training and spatial probe training in Morris water maze test were significantly improved (P<0.05), and the activity of AChE in the hippocampal ho-mogenate was significantly decreased (P<0.05) in Q0409 treatment group. No difference in Q0409 group was observed compared with control group and positive drug (huperzine A) group. Immunohistochemical staining showed no typical "se-nile plaques" in the male mice of Q0409 group, while there was shallower and smaller brown staining in the hippocampus of the female mice of Q0409 group. The positive area of Aβ deposition decreased in the CA1 area of hippocampal tissues in Q0409 group. These results were similar to those in positive drug group. CONCLUSION:Q0409 improves the ability of learning and memory in SAM-P/8 mice, which is related to the inhibition of AChE activity and the reduction of Aβ protein deposition in the hippocampus. The effects is similar to those of huperzine A.

Multicenter phase II clinical trial of arsenic trioxide injection in the treatment of primary hepatocarcinoma / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effect and adverse effects of arsenic trioxide (As2O3) in the treatment of primary hepatocarcinoma patients, and conduct the pharmacokinetics study.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of one hundred and eleven advanced primary hepatocarcinoma patients in five centers were treated with As2O3 injection 7 - 8 mg/m(2) i.v. qd for 14 days and was repeated after 7 - 14 days. Evaluation of the clinical response and adverse effects was conducted after two cycles of treatment. The patient who had reached partial PR and SD was treated continuously until disease progression or intolerance.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among the 102 patients evaluable for clinical efficacy analysis, there were 7 PR, 71 SD and 24 PD, the response rate was 6.9% and the clinical benefit rate was 76.5%. The quality of life was improved in 22.5% of patients. The pain relief rate was 71.7%, time to progress (TTP) was 97 days, and the median survival time (MST) was 195 days. The major adverse effects were reversible WHO I-II grade gastrointestinal reactions and bone marrow suppression. The results of pharmacokinetic study showed that the distribution and elimination characteristics in vivo was found to be a two-compartment model. The plasma elimination half-life was (23.94 ± 18.39) h.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>As2O3 is effective in the management of primary hepatocarcinoma, with a significant analgesic effect. To some extent, it can extend TTP and MST in advanced liver cancer patients, while the treatment is well tolerated in the majority of patients.</p>

Caries patterns in the primary dentition: cluster analysis of a sample of 5169 Arizona children 5-59 months of age / 国际口腔科学杂志·英文版

<p><b>AIM</b>Cluster analysis was conducted on data from 5,169 United States (U.S.) Arizona children, age's 5-59-months with the goal of delineating patterns of caries in the primary dentition of pre-school children without a priori pattern definitions.</p><p><b>METHODOLOGY</b>Cluster analyses were conducted using all data for children ages 0-4 years in aggregate: (1) for all subjects, and (2) for subjects without crowned restored teeth. Each of these two sets of analyses consisted of 8 differently specified cluster analyses as a validation procedure.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The caries patterns identified from the clustering analysis are: (1) smooth surfaces (other than the maxillary incisor), (2) maxillary incisor, (3) occlusal surfaces of first molars, and (4) pit and fissure surfaces of second molars.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The cluster analysis findings were consistent with results produced by multidimensional scaling. These cross-validated patterns may represent resulting disease conditions from different risks or the timing of various risk factor exposures. As such, the patterns may be useful case definitions for caries risk factor investigations in children under 60 months of age.</p>

Application of comfort care for dental out-patients / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore and apply the nursing methods of comfort care for dental out-patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Control group included 103 dental out-patients who were first treated in General Dentistry Department of West China Hospital of Stomatology from June to August 2008. Experimental group included 105 dental out-patients who were first treated in the same hospital from September to November 2008. Conventional nursing methods were used for control group, and comfort care nursing methods were used for experimental group. The patients' degree of satisfaction with nursing and oral health knowledge rate after first treatment and nursing were investigated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The patients' degree of satisfaction with nursing of the control and experimental groups were 72.816% and 98.095%, and the patients' oral health knowledge rate of the two groups were 57.282% and 93.333%. Both of the investigating results had obvious difference.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Comfort care for dental out-patients can improve patients' degree of satisfaction with nursing and increase patients' oral health knowledge rate. Simultaneously, comfort care can improve the specialized quality of dental nurses and would advantage to build a harmonious relationship between nurses and patients.</p>

The randomized study of efficiency and safety of antithrombotic therapy in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: warfarin compared with aspirin / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate whether warfarin is more effective and superior to aspirin for the prevention of thromboembolism in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation in Chinese.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In a multicenter randomized trial, the patients diagnosed as nonvalvular atrial fibrillation were randomized to receive aspirin 150 mg - 160 mg once daily or adjusted-dose warfarin (international normalized ratio, 2.0 - 3.0). We compared the effect of the two therapy on the primary end point of ischemic stroke or death from any cause and on the combined end-point (stroke, death, peripheral arteries embolism, TIA, acute myocardial infarction, serious bleeding) during a median follow-up period of 19 months.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 704 patients, 420 (59.7%) were male. The average patient age was (63.3 +/- 9.9) years. The median follow-up period is 19 months. The mean dose of warfarin was (3.2 +/- 0.7) mg. Compared with aspirin, the primary end point of death or ischemic stroke was reduced by warfarin (2.7% vs 6.0%, P = 0.03, OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.198 - 0.960) and the relative risk decreased by 56%. The thromboembolism event in the aspirin group was significantly higher than that in warfarin group (10.6% vs 5.4%, P = 0.01, OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.269 - 0.858). There was no significant differences of the mortality rate between the two groups (1.2% vs 2.2%, P > 0.05). The secondary end point was nonsignificantly reduced in warfarin group than that in aspirin group, while the combined end point is statistically decreased by adjusted-dose warfarin (8.4% vs 13.0%, P = 0.047). Warfarin treatment was associated with increased bleeding rate compared to aspirin (6.9% vs 2.4%, P < 0.05), although the major bleeding rate is rather low (1.5%). All the major bleeding events occurred with INR above 3.0.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Randomized control study demonstrated that anticoagulation with adjusted-dosed warfarin (INR 2.0 - 3.0) can significantly reduced the risk of thromboembolism event with slightly increased hemorrhage, compared to aspirin in Chinese population. Under intensive monitoring, warfarin is effective and safe for the moderate to high risk atrial fibrillation patients.</p>

Preliminary study on the effects of an artificial liver support system in the treatment of medicamentous liver insufficiency / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>To study the effectiveness of an artificial liver support system.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty-two patients with medicamentous liver insufficiency were treated with an artificial liver support system in addition to the routine medicinal therapy. Thirty patients treated with routine medicinal therapy only served as controls.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The clinical symptoms (e.g. hepatic encephalopathy) and the laboratory indices (serum total bilirubin and prothrombin time) of the treatment group patients were obviously improved compared with those of the control group patients (P < 0.05). The cure rate and hospitalization days were 90.6% (26/32) and 47 days respectively in the treatment group, and 43.3% (13/30) and 72 days in the control group (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Using an artificial liver support system combined with routine medicinal therapy is more effective than using medication alone.</p>

Optimization of Cultural Conditions of Probiotic Bacteria Lactobacillus casei Zhang for High Cell Density Cultivation / 微生物学通报

To get high cell density,pH-stat fermentations of L.casei Zhang were carried out in the medium optimized previously under different cultural conditions.The influences of neutralizing agents,the concen-tration of buffer salts and glucose in the medium,pH,aeration and fed batch fermentation on the growth of L.casei Zhang were investigated.Based on the values of maximum specific growth rate,biomass and viable cells count in different cultural conditions,the optimal growth condition was regarded as follows:Glucose level of the medium was 80 g/L ～100 g/L;The pH was kept constant at 5.9 with aqua ammonia and anae-robic condition was kept by sparged with nitrogen periodically;The temperature was set at 37?C and cul-tured for 10 h ～12 h.The biomass and viable cells' number of L.casei Zhang under this culture conditions were 7 g/L and 3.5?1010 CFU/mL respectively,and were 7 times as high as that before optimized,which can meet the requirements of probiotics.

Study on the Optimization of Enrichment Medium of Lactobacillus casei Zhang / 微生物学通报

The effects of different carbon source,nitrogen source,proportion of carbon and nitrogen source, microelement and buffer salts on the growth of Lactobacillus casei Zhang isolated from Koumiss were studied.The enrichment medium for Lactobacillus casei Zhang was optimized by response surface methodology and its composition was glucose 20.9 g/L,soy peptone 10.45 g/L,yeast extract 10.45 g/L,K2HPO4 3.5 g/L, sodium acetate 14.6 g/L,sodium citrate 2.35 g/L,MgSO4?7H2O 1.0 g/L,MnSO4?5H2O 54 mg/L, CuSO4?5H2O 10 mg/L,tween 80 1.0 g/L.After cultivated in enrichment medium for 18h at 37℃,the living cells of Lactobacillus casei Zhang were 4.78?109 CFU/mL,which was about 10 times higher than in MRS (4.8?10 8 CFU/mL).

Method of Extract Genomic DNA of Yeast for AFLP / 微生物学通报

The high molecular weight genomic DNA of yeast was extracted using three methods.Products were separated on agarose gel electrophoresis,quantified by spectrophotometer ND-1000 and restricted by EcoRⅠand MesⅠ.The result was shown that the genomic DNA extracted by modified benzyl chloride method was the best.The products of wild isolates supported it,too.This method was suitable for restriction of genomic DNA from yeast.

Effect of Administration of Lactobacittus casei Zhang on Serum Lipids and Fecal Steroids in Hypercholesterolemic Rats / 微生物学通报

Cholesterol-degrading strains was isolated from traditional koumiss. The effects of Lb. casei Zhang on the total serum cholesterol (TC) , triglycerid (TG), high density liporotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) low density liporotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) were investigated in artificially-induced hyperlipemial rats. The results showed that only heat-killed cells of Lb. casei Zhang significantly reduced serum TC (P